LÖVE

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chars = function(text)
	local i=0
	local n = #text
	--print(text)
	return function()
		i=i+1
		if i <= n then return string.sub(text,i,i),i end
	end
end
words = function(text,spaces)
	local i=0
	local wordss = {}
	local onspace = false
	local word = {}
	for l,p in chars(text) do
		if l == ' ' then
			if not onspace then
				if #word > 0 then
					wordss[#wordss+1] = table.concat(word)
				end
				if spaces then
					word = {' '}
				else
					word = {}
				end
				onspace = true
			else
				if spaces then
					word[#word+1] = ' '
				end
			end
		else
			if onspace then
				if #word > 0 then
					wordss[#wordss+1] = table.concat(word)
				end
				word = {l}
				onspace = false
			else
				word[#word+1] = l
			end
		end
	end
	if #word > 0 then
		wordss[#wordss+1] = table.concat(word)
	end
	return function()
		i = i + 1
		if i <= #wordss then return wordss[i] end
	end
end

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for l,p in chars('hello') do
  print('Character, "'..l..'" at position '..p)
end

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Character, "h" at position 1
Character, "e" at position 2
Character, "l" at position 3
Character, "l" at position 4
Character, "o" at position 5

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for w,p in words('hello there you') do
  print('word, "'..l..'"')
end

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word, "hello"
word, "there"
word, "you"

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for w in words('hello there you',true) do
  print('word, "'..l..'"')
end

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word, "hello"
word, " "
word, "there"
word, " "
word, "you"

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local str = 'hello'
for char in str:gmatch('.') do 
  print('character '..char) 
end

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local str = 'HeLlO'
for uppercase_char in str:gmatch('%u') do 
  print('character '..uppercase_char) 
end

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local function gmatch(s,pat)
  local i = 0
  local match = string.gmatch(s,pat)
  return function()
    i = i+1
    local capture = match()
    if capture then return i, capture end
  end
end

-- example, provide de the count of characters in a string
local str = 'hello'
for count, char in gmatch(str,'.') do 
  print('character '..char, 'count '..count) 
end

-- Or count the lowercase characters
local str = 'HeLlO'
for count, char in gmatch(str,'%l') do 
  print('character '..char, 'count '..count) 
end

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str = 'hello the world'
for w in str:gmatch('%w+') do 
  print('word '..w) 
end

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str = 'hello the world'
for w in str:gmatch('%s*([^%s]+)%s*') do 
  print('word '..w) 
end

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function string:split( sep )
	local sep, fields = sep or ",", {}
	local pattern = string.format( "([^%s]+)", sep )
	self:gsub( pattern, function(c) fields[ #fields + 1 ] = c end )
	return fields
	end

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for i, v in pairs(field) do
	if string.sub(v, -1, -1) == "." then
		v = string.sub(v, 1, -2)
	end
end

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local str = 'hello the world.'
for w in str:gmatch('(%w+)%p*') do 
  print('word '..w) 
end

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local function gmatch(s,pat)
  local match = string.gmatch(s,pat)
  return function()
    local capture = match()
      if capture then return (capture:gsub(('%p$'),'')) end
  end
end

local str = 'The sample was 12.56 cm long!'
for w in gmatch(str,'([^%s]+)') do
  print(w)
end

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function love.graphics.shape(mode, x, y, rd, sides)
	local points = {}
	for i = 1, math.ceil(sides) do
		local px = x
		local py = y
		local a = math.pi*2/sides*i
		px = px + math.cos(a)*rd
		py = py + math.sin(a)*rd
		table.insert(points, px)
		table.insert(points, py)
	end
	love.graphics.polygon(mode, points)
	return points
end

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local TPI = math.pi*2
local PI = math.pi
local math_abs = math.abs
local math_floor = math.floor

function fastSin(x)
	local tpi = TPI
	local pi  = PI
	local t = math_abs(-2*math_floor(x/tpi+0.75) + x/pi + 0.5)
	return 2*t*t*(3-t*2)-1
end

function fastCos(x)
	local tpi = TPI
	local pi  = PI
	local t = math_abs(-2*math_floor(x/tpi+1) + x/pi + 1)
	return 2*t*t*(3-t*2)-1
end